Scale section-liner



(No Model.) 0. M. PODGORSKI.

SCALE SECTION LINER. No. 345,989. Patented July 20, 1886.

5117 Z, I ma N. PETER5. PhnKmLilha'nphen Waiungicn. D. C,

UNITED TATES ATENT OFFICE.

GASIMIR M. PODGORSKI, OF NORTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

soars 3ECTEON-LENER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 3%5,Q9, dated July 20,1886.

Application filed January 28, 1586. Serial No. 190,051. (No model.)

T0 on whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, GASIMIR M. PoDGoRsKI, a subject of the Emperor ofRussia, residing at Northampton, county of Hampshire, State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improved Section-Liner, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for dividing a plane surface by rightlines into regular and predetermined spaces; andthe invention consistsin the combination and construction, as hereinafter described,and moreparticularly pointed out in the claim.

My invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigures l and II are plan views of my device in different positions.Fig. III is a rear elevation. Fig. IV is a side elevation of a part, andFigs. V and VI are plan views of modifications.

D is a triangle having a toothed segment, d, adapted to engage with acorresponding toothed segment or rack upon the ruler B.

The segment 1) upon the ruler and the segment (1 upon triangle Darerelatively arranged to cause the progression of the triangle upon theruler to be in a straight line, so that lines made upon a free side ofthe triangleas a rul ing-edge, will be parallel to any other made uponthe same side, as the triangle is moved over the ruler without a changeof position of the ruler. Any side of a triangle may be used to followupon, what is in effect, the straight edge of the ruler.

In' Fig. 1 an offset or post, g, is shown from one face of the triangleD, projecting over and holding a toothed segment, d, to engage with atoothed surface upon the flat upper side of ruler B, to leave aperfectly straight edge of the triangle to coincide and move upon acorresponding straight edge of the ruler.

In operation the finger of one hand exerted upon the post gis sufiicientas a means olsliding the post with its segment d to consecutive teeth ofthe ruler or to pass over any desired intermediate nu nibein.

In Fig. V the teeth are shown made on the corresponding straight edgesof ruler and triangle.

In Fig. VI corresponding removable segments are shown engaging uponsurfaces parallel to the straight edges of the ruler and triangle incontact. YVith the same triangle and ruler corresponding segments of anysize teeth may be used.

It will be seen that, the width of the teeth being known, with thisinstrument section and parallel lines may be quickly drawn at givendistances one from the other. Any line or plane may be divided into agiven number of parts without using any other scale, and without the useof dividers. Geometrical figures can be constructed upon givendimensions. Architectural and other drawings may be augmented ordiminished, as they could be with proportional dividers, and thatcross-hatching and many other things may be done with this oneinstrument, heretofore requiring separateinstruments. It will be seenthat aside from the celerity with which space may be divided, thesurface of paper is preserved from the inj nry of holes left by dividerpoints.

In Fig. Il the device is placed in position to illustrate the employmentof the diagonal to diminish the space between lines which would be ruledupon the free cathetus of the triangle in the position shown in Fig. I,and it will be seen that any required proportional diminution may beobtained by the use of a triangle having the desired and known angles.

Vithont a departure from the spirit of my invention, one or both of whatwould otherwise be the straight edges of a triangle may be changed toenable equidistant correspond ing contours to be ruled. One tooth ordetent in the triangle would be suiiicient to cause the movement of thetriangle to be governed by the teeth of the ruler; but to pre ventinjury to the point of one tooth or to one interdental space fromafiecting the accuracy of the tool, I prefer to employ, in combinationwith the triangle, a segment made up of several teeth.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim is The within-deseribedimproved scale sec-' tion-liner, consisting of a straight-edge rulerprovided with teeth to a scale, and a triangle or other figure having astraight base provided with one or more teeth corresponding to andengaging with those of the ruler, and adapted to be moved over saidruler to have the intervals of movement of its ruling-edges determinedby the teeth of the ruler,the two combined and operatingas and for thepur pose set forth.

OASIIrEIR M. roneonsKI.

Vitnesses:

R. F. HYDE, F. It. RICHMOND.

